Ilmenite ore beneficiation involves several stages, including crushing, grinding, magnetic separation, and flotation. The following is a general process flow diagram illustrating the main steps involved in ilmenite ore beneficiation:
- Crushing: The ilmenite ore is first crushed to a suitable size range to liberate the titanium-bearing mineral.
- Grinding: The crushed ilmenite ore is then ground in a ball mill or rod mill to a size range suitable for magnetic separation.
- Magnetic separation: The ilmenite ore is subjected to magnetic separation to remove any magnetic impurities. Magnetic separation can be achieved using high-intensity magnetic separators, such as wet drum magnetic separators or high-gradient magnetic separators.
- Flotation: After magnetic separation, the non-magnetic fraction of the ilmenite ore is subjected to flotation to separate the ilmenite from other minerals. Flotation can be carried out using froth flotation or reverse flotation techniques.
- Drying: After flotation, the ilmenite concentrate is dried to remove any remaining moisture.
- Smelting: The dried ilmenite concentrate is then smelted to produce titanium dioxide (TiO2), which is used in a wide range of industrial applications, such as paints, coatings, plastics, and pigments.
- Electrolytic refining: The TiO2 produced by smelting is then purified using electrolytic refining techniques to remove any remaining impurities.
In summary, a complete ilmenite ore beneficiation machine typically includes a crushing machine, a grinding machine, a magnetic separator, a flotation machine, a drying machine, a smelting furnace, and an electrolytic refining machine.
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